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肯尼亚第31条

录入者:xyq 日期:2016-9-5 16:56:49 人气:14 评论:0

    《犯罪所得和反洗钱法案》规定,根据定罪和非定罪机制,对相应价值的财产予以没收。根据第 61 条,法院可以应总检察长、资产追回署主任或以其名义自 主提出的申请下达没收令,命令被告人向政府支付任何适当数额的款项。这包 括犯罪所得和用于或拟用于犯罪的工具(《犯罪所得和反洗钱法案》第 2 条), 以及由此转换、转化或混合的财产、收入和利益。 应道德和反腐败委员会申请,法院可对腐败罪和洗钱罪所得下达冻结令(《反 腐败和经济犯罪法》第 55 条)。《反腐败和经济犯罪法》第四和六部分述及调 查过程,包括资产追查;而第七部分则涉及追回和没收。也对其他调查措施作 出了规定(《反腐败和经济犯罪法》第 23 和 26 至 30 条、《刑事诉讼法》第 118 条、《证据法》第 180 条以及《犯罪所得和反洗钱法案》第 68 和 71 条)。 《反腐败和经济犯罪法》对被冻结或没收资产接收人或管理人的任命作出了规 定。第 56C 条规定,被追回资产应交还财政部首席秘书,而被追回资金应存入统一基金。《犯罪所得和反洗钱法案》第 112 条规定资产追回署具有管理统一 基金的职能。《犯罪所得和反洗钱法案》第 72 条还规定,资产管理人的任命可 能受到限制令的限制。 道德和反腐败委员会可以向法庭申请银行账户的搜查令(《反腐败和经济犯罪 法》第 23(4)条)。《犯罪所得和反洗钱法案》第 17 条规定,其保密规定凌驾 于任何其他法律的条款之上。但为调查目的获取银行和财务记录的程序可以加以简化。 《反腐败和经济犯罪法》第 55 条述及了没收不明资产的事项。第 61 和 65 条对没收嫌疑人未能证明合法来源的资产作出了规定。

       POCAMLA provides for forfeiture of property of corresponding value under conviction and non-conviction-based mechanisms. Under section 61, the court may make confiscation orders upon the application of the Attorney General, the Director of ARA or suo motu against a defendant for payment to government of any appropriate amount. This includes proceeds of crime and instrumentalities used or destined for use in offences (section 2 POCAMLA), as well as transformed, converted or intermingled property, income and benefits derived therefrom. The court, on application by EACC, may issue freezing orders on proceeds of corruption and money-laundering (section 55 ACECA). Parts IV and VI ACECA deal with investigations, including asset tracing, while Part VII deals with recovery and forfeiture. Other investigative measures are provided for (sections 23 and 26 to 30 ACECA, 118 CPC and 180 Evidence Act, sections 68 and 71 POCAMLA). ACECA provides for the appointment of receivers and managers of frozen or confiscated property. Section 56C provides that recovered property be surrendered to the Principal Secretary, Treasury and monies recovered be paid into the Consolidated Fund. Section 112 POCAMLA sets out functions of ARA in the administration of the consolidated fund. Section 72 POCAMLA further provides for the appointment of a manager of property subject to a restraint order. EACC can make applications before court for warrants to search bank accounts (section 23(4) ACECA). Section 17 POCAMLA provides that its secrecy provisions override provisions in any other law. Nonetheless, procedures to obtain access to bank and financial records for investigative purposes could be streamlined. Section 55 ACECA addresses the forfeiture of unexplained assets. Sections 61 and 65 provide for confiscation of assets where the suspect has failed to prove their lawful origin.

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