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哥伦比亚第31条

录入者:xyq 日期:2016-9-5 15:17:18 人气:7 评论:0

   法律制度包含没收犯罪所得和犯罪工具(《刑法典》第 100 条,《刑事诉讼法 典》第 82 条)及终止所有权(2002 年《第 793 号法》的概念。据指出,刑事侦 查和起诉的实践仍未系统地适用于腐败案件中的犯罪所得。《刑事诉讼法典》第 83 和 85 条对检察署通过保证法官进行冻结和扣押予以规 范。总审计长办公室有权进行行政扣押。根据《刑事诉讼法典》第 86 条设立了检察署资产管理特别基金。哥伦比亚尚未就没收已部分或全部转变或转化为其他财产的资金、以与得自合 法来源的财产相混合的财产的价值为基础的没收或对得自财产的利益的没收进 行立法。“动态举证责任”标准对终止所有权适用,与没收制度相对。不过,关于该专题的案例法仍在制订中。宪法法院最近裁定,对于终止资产非法增加所得的所有权,检察署有义务证明财产的非法来源。

       The legal system contains the concepts of confiscation of the proceeds and instrumentalities of crime (art. 100 of the Criminal Code, art. 82 of the Code of Criminal Procedure) and termination of ownership (Act No. 793 of 2002). It is noted that the practice of criminal investigation and prosecution is still not applied systematically to proceeds of crime in cases of corruption.Articles 83 to 85 of the Code of Criminal Procedure regulate freezing and seizure by the Public Prosecutor’s Office through the guarantee judge. The Office of the Comptroller-General has the power of administrative seizure. The Special Fund for the Administration of Assets of the Public Prosecutor’s Office was set up on the basis of article 86 of the Code of Criminal Procedure. Colombia has not legislated on the confiscation of funds transformed or converted in part or in full into other property, the confiscation based on value of property intermingled with property acquired from legitimate sources, or of benefits derived from property. The “dynamic burden of proof” criterion is applied with regard to the termination of ownership, as opposed to the confiscation system. However, the case law on the subject is still being developed. The Constitutional Court recently ruled that with regard to the termination of ownership of the proceeds of illicit enrichment, the Public Prosecutor’s Office is obliged to prove the illicit origin of the property.

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