卡塔尔针对依据《公约》确立的罪行施行各类惩罚,考虑到罪行的严重性,惩 罚范围从罚金到十年监禁不等,此外还有从刑和补充惩罚。豁免似乎并不对针对这类罪行的起诉构成妨碍。只有协商会议的成员才享有豁 免权,除非他们在实施犯罪时被抓获(《宪法》第 113 条)。若要取消豁免, 在会议届会期间须得到会议授权,在闭会期间须得到会议主席的授权。 卡塔尔没有强制起诉制度。没有规定应如何行使自由裁量权的一般性法律。除 其他外,被纳入考虑的最相关的因素是罪行的严重性。在检察官拒绝推进起诉 的情况下,可诉诸检察长,然后诉诸法院。 可针对依据《公约》确立的罪行适用防范性拘留。可以在保释或无保释的情况 下施行保外候审(《刑事诉讼法》第 119 和第 120 条)。 如果已服完四分之三的刑期并且已结清所有债务,可准予早释。由检察官在接 到内政大臣或其代表的要求后可下令假释(《刑事诉讼法》第 360 条和《刑罚 和惩治机构管理法》第 67 条)。 如果侦查需要,可令政府官员停职不超过 30 天。此外,如果政府官员遭到防范性拘留,则被视为停职(《人力资源管理法》第 134 和第 135 条)。《刑法典》规定了取消/剥夺担任公职或政府完全或部分所有的企业中的职务的 处罚(主要是第 66、第 70、第 147 和第 158 条)。 可依据《人力资源管理法》实施纪律处分(第 122 至第 155 条)。可针对腐败 案件施行纪律和刑事处罚。《刑罚和惩治机构管理法》包括了便利囚犯重返社会的专门措施。此外,依据 《刑事诉讼法》,被定罪的人可在服刑一段时间后请求复原援助。
Qatar has adopted penalties for offences established in accordance with the Convention that range from a fine up to ten years’ imprisonment, taking into account the gravity of the offence, in addition to accessory or complementary penalties. Immunities do not seem to constitute an impediment to the prosecution of such offences. Only members of the Shura Council benefit from immunity, except for when they are caught in the commission of an offence (art. 113 of the Constitution). During the sessions of the Council, the authorization of the Council is required, and in intercessional periods, the authorization of the president of the Council to lift immunities. Qatar does not have a system of mandatory prosecution. There is no general law regulating how this discretionary authority should be exercised. The most relevant factor that is taken into account is, among others, the gravity of the offence. In the event the prosecutor refuses to move forward with prosecution, there is recourse to the Attorney General, and then to the court Preventive detention can be applied for offences established in accordance with the Convention. Release pending trial is possible with or without bail (arts. 119 and 120 of the Criminal Procedure Code (CPC)). Early release is possible if three quarters of the prison sentence have been completed and if all financial obligations have been settled. The conditional release is ordered by the Public Prosecutor upon request of the Minister of Interior or his representative (art. 360 CPC and art. 67 of Law on the Regulation of Penal and Correctional Institutions). Public officials can be suspended for not longer than 30 days if the interests of the investigation require such measures. In addition, public officials are considered suspended if they are in preventive detention (arts. 134 and 135 of the Law on Human Resources Management). The PC provides for the sanction of removal/disqualification from holding public office and office in an enterprise owned in whole or in part by the State (mainly arts. 66, 70, 147 and 158). Disciplinary sanctions can be issued under the Law on Human Resources Management (arts. 122-155). Both disciplinary and criminal sanctions can be imposed in corruption cases. The Law on the Regulation of Penal and Correctional Institutions contains dedicated measures to facilitate the social reintegration of prisoners. Moreover, pursuant to the CPC, the convicted person may ask for his/her rehabilitation after a period following serving the sentence.