Rss | Tags设为首页 | 收藏本站
您所在的位置:首页 > 各国文本对照内容 > 正文
各国文本对照内容
联系我们

《联合国反腐败公约》

实施研究题组

电  话:0731-88664106

传  真:0731-88664106

地  址:湖南省长沙市岳麓区

湖南大学廉政研究中心

各国文本对照内容

帕劳第30条

录入者:xyq 日期:2016-9-3 19:34:03 人气:11 评论:0

   法律将《联合国反腐败公约》确立的大多数罪行都定为刑事犯罪,最长监禁 期限为 5 年或 10 年;《帕劳国家法典》第 17 编第 650、651 和 655 条还做出了 罚款规定,金额从 500 到 50,000 美元不等,或者等于犯罪所得金钱收益两倍 的任何更高金额。第 3301 条(c)款规定了对洗钱罪的罚款,最高可达洗钱金额 的两倍或 500,000 美元,以较大金额者为准。 公职人员以公职身份行事时享有称为“诚信”豁免的职能豁免。《宪法》规定 了对法官及国会议员的绝对豁免权,但议员只在会议期间享有豁免权。行政 机关可个别免除这种豁免权,也确实这么做过。 总检察长具有广泛的法律裁量权,可起诉贪污犯罪者(第 288 号行政命令第 1 条),类似于特别检察官办公室。 保外候审或上诉的条件是通过警方及法院(《帕劳国家法典》第 18 编第 217 条和第 601 至 608 条),以财产、现金或第三方担保而进行保释。在腐败案件 中,法院也可自由裁量准予保释。 《帕劳国家法典》第 17 编第 667 条载有假释程序,包括期限、再犯和最终无 条件释放。囚犯享有宪法赋予的权利,在服满刑期三分之一后申请假释,而 在此阶段,外国人往往被遣返回原籍国。在国家访问时,总检察长办公室正 在起草假释委员会的指导方针。 根据《帕劳国家法典》第 33 编第 425 条,公务员可被免职、降职或无薪停职 任何时间,但停职超过两天者,雇员须有说明原因的书面通知,且有权就有关决定向申诉委员会提起申诉(《帕劳国家法典》第 40 编第 661 条;《帕劳国 家法典》第 33 编第 426 条)。 至于取消担任公职资格,可适用第 11 章“公共服务体系规则和条例”,撤销 被告公职,禁止其在未来 10 年内申请公职。由于国家人口规模较小而受雇于 政府的人数较多,因此决定在一定期限后,并不永久禁止被定罪罪犯担任公 职。第 11 章第 11.5 条涵盖了“任何董事会、公营公司、委员会或其他机构 的成员或由总统在参议院建议并同意下任命的公职人员”。 现行纪律措施包括对雇员进行免职、降职或无薪停职。可向申诉委员会申诉 (《帕劳国家法典》第 33 编第 425 至 426 条;《帕劳国家法典》第 40 编第 661 条)。

       Most offences under the United Nations Convention against Corruption are criminalized by a maximum term of imprisonment of 5 or 10 years; sections 650, 651 and 655 of Title 17 of PNC also provide for fines ranging from $500-50,000 or any higher amount equal to double the pecuniary gain from the offence. Section 3301(c) allows fines in cases of money-laundering, up to twice the amount laundered or $500,000, whichever is the greater. Public officials have a functional immunity referred to as “good faith” immunity, i.e. acting within the colour of office. However, the Constitution affords judges’ absolute immunity as well as members of Congress, albeit during session only. Individual waivers of this immunity can and have been executed by the executive branch. The Attorney-General has wide discretionary legal powers to prosecute persons for corruption offences (s.1, Executive Order No. 288) similar to the Office of the Special Prosecutor. Conditions on release pending trial or appeal are secured through bail offered by the police as well as the courts (ss.217 and 601-608, Title 18 of PNC) with property, cash or a third party as guarantee. Bail can also been granted at the court’s discretion in corruption cases.The procedures governing parole, including the terms, recommitment and final unconditional release, are set out in section 667 of Title 17 of PNC. Prisoners have a constitutional right to request parole after serving one-third of their sentence, at which stage foreigners are often deported to their country of origin. At the time of the country visit, the Attorney-General’s Office was drafting guidelines for the Parole Board. Public servants may be dismissed, demoted or suspended for any length of time without pay, but in cases exceeding two days, the employee must be given written notice stating the reasons why according to section 425 of PNC Title 33, with a right to appeal the decision to a grievance panel (s.661, PNC Title 40; s.426, PNC Title 33). Regarding disqualification from holding public office, the application of Chapter 11 of the “Public Service System Rules and Regulations” has led to the removal of an accused from office and prevented the person from applying to public office for the next 10 years. Due to the size of the population and high number of people employed by the Government, it was decided not to permanently prevent convicted offenders from being considered for public office after a given period of time. Part 11.5 of Chapter 11 covers “members of any board, public corporation, commission, or other agency or appointed public officials whose appointments are made by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate”. Existing disciplinary measures include dismissal, demotion or suspension of an employee without pay. An appeal can be issued to a grievance panel (ss.425-426, Title 33 of PNC; s.661, Title 40 of PNC).

    标签:
    上一篇: 葡萄牙第30条
    评论信息
    我要评论
    网站首页 | 各国实施 | 在线留言 | 网站地图