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哈萨克斯坦第30条

录入者:xyq 日期:2016-8-31 22:21:04 人气:6 评论:0

   根据《宪法》和《刑事诉讼法典》,哈萨克斯坦总统、议会(下院和上院)成 员、法官和检察长享有豁免权。总统可以因叛国罪而被罢免。提起指控和开展侦查的决定应由下院多数成员基 于不少于三分之一成员的提议作出。侦查应由上院负责组织。上院成员多数票 表决的结果应提交给议会两院联席会议。最终的决定应由议会上下两院至少四 分之三多数的成员作出,并且需要经最高法院和宪法委员会裁决。 议会成员、宪法委员会主席和成员、法官以及检察长均不受逮捕、不受羁押, 也不得在未经议会两院、总统或上院分别同意的情况下受到起诉,除非是在犯 罪现场被拘留或者实施了严重或特别严重的罪行(《刑事诉讼法典》第 547、 549 至 551 条,先前的《刑事诉讼法典》第 496 至 499 条)。 该国主管部门已经提供了取消豁免的例子。 《刑事诉讼法典》第 158 条规定了嫌疑人或被告人暂时中止职务(先前的《刑 事诉讼法典》第 159 条)。 针对腐败犯罪强制剥夺担任某些职务或参与某些活动的权利(《刑法典》第 50 条,1997 年《刑法典》第 41 条),要求终身禁止担任下列制度/机构的职务: 公务制度、国有组织的地方政府机构以及国家拥有 50%以上授权资本的组织, 包括国家管理控股公司、国家控股公司、国营公司、国家作为股东的国家发展 机构、它们的且它们享有其中 50%以上有表决权的股份(持股)的子公司,以 及 50%以上有表决权的股份(持股)属于上述子公司的法人。

       In accordance with the Constitution and the Code of Criminal Procedure, the President of Kazakhstan, members of Parliament (the Majilis and the Senate), judges and the General Prosecutor enjoy immunity. The President may be removed from office in the event of treason. The decision to bring a charge and investigate is taken by a majority of the total number of members of the Majilis on the initiative of not less than one third of the members. Investigations are organized by the Senate. The results by majority vote of the total number of members of the Senate are referred to the joint session of the chambers of Parliament. A final decision is taken by a majority of at least three quarters of the total number of members of each of the chambers of Parliament, subject to the findings of the Supreme Court and of the Constitutional Council. Members of Parliament, the Chair and members of the Constitutional Council, judges, and the General Prosecutor may not be arrested, taken into custody, or prosecuted without the respective consent of the chambers of Parliament, the President, or the Senate, except in cases of detention at the scene of an offence or of the commission of serious or particularly serious crimes (articles 547, 549-551 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, articles 496-499 of the previous Code of Criminal Procedure). The country’s authorities have provided examples of lifting of immunity. Article 158 of the Code of Criminal Procedure provides for the temporary suspension from office of a suspect or an accused person (article 159 of the previous Code of Criminal Procedure).Deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or engage in certain activities (article 50 of the Criminal Code, article 41 of the 1997 Criminal Code), imposed mandatorily for corruption offences, entails a lifetime ban on holding positions in public service, local government bodies of State organizations and organizations of whose authorized capital the State owns more than a 50 per cent share, including national management holding companies, national holdings, national companies, national development institutions in which the State is a shareholder, their subsidiaries more than 50 per cent of the voting shares (stockholdings) of which belong to them, and legal persons more than 50 per cent of the voting shares (stockholdings) of which belong to the aforementioned subsidiaries.

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