《刑法典》确立了各项制裁措施,可依据犯罪严重程度作出调整,尽管对部分 腐败犯罪可处以更加严厉的制裁。 不再向高级官员给予豁免。《刑事诉讼法》规定,由最高法院对涉及高级官员 的案件进行审讯(第 414 至 417 条),并对涉及法官和地方法官的案件采取初 步法律程序(第 420 至 423 条)。 尽管刑事诉讼为强制性程序,但在某些案件中可行使检察酌处权(《刑事诉讼 法》第 28 至 35 条)。 《刑事诉讼法》第 172、173(5)至(10)和 174 条规定,可采取预防措施,以确保 被告出席。在与《公约》确立的犯罪有关的案件中,最近开始下令实施临时 拘留。 《刑事诉讼法》第 76 至 79 条规定,刑期过半的罪犯可获得假释。在洗钱案件 中,必需事先履行民事责任。 《刑事诉讼法》第 173(12)条规定,对被控违反公共行政的官员予以停职,《高 等审计法院组织法》第 88 条规定,对被控资产非法增加的官员予以停职。 取消资格为附加刑(《刑法典》第 48 和 49 条,《反洗钱特别法》第 40 条)。 刑事程序与纪律程序是分开的。
The Criminal Code establishes sanctions that can be adjusted according to the gravity of the offence, although some corruption offences could be subject to more severe sanctions. High-ranking officials are no longer granted immunities. The Code of Criminal Procedure provides for trial by the Supreme Court of Justice in cases involving senior officials (arts. 414 to 417) and preliminary proceedings in cases involving judges and magistrates (arts. 420 to 423). While criminal prosecution is mandatory, prosecutorial discretion may be exercised in certain cases (arts. 28 to 35 of the Code of Criminal Procedure). Articles 172, 173 (5) to (10) and 174 of the Code of Criminal Procedure establish precautionary measures that may be imposed in order to ensure the presence of the defendant at proceedings. Provisional detention has only recently begun to be ordered in connection with the offences established by the Convention.Articles 76 to 79 of the Code of Criminal Procedure regulate parole for convicted offenders who have served half of their sentence. In money-laundering cases, prior fulfilment of civil obligations is required. Article 173 (12) of the Code of Criminal Procedure provides for the suspension of officials accused of an offence against the public administration and article 88 of the Organic Act on the Higher Court of Audit for the suspension of officials accused of illicit enrichment. Disqualification is an accessory penalty (arts. 48 and 49 of the Criminal Code and art. 40 of the Special Act against Money-Laundering). Criminal and disciplinary proceedings are separate.