《刑法》确立了制裁手段，可根据罪行的严重程度进行调整；所有腐败犯罪都 可判处若干年监禁。《刑法》第 28 条第 2 款规定了对公职人员的加重制裁，《刑 法》第 51 条第 7 款规定，被判定犯有危害公共行政和妨碍司法罪的人员不得被 减刑。 危地马拉确立了各类公职人员接受初审的权利（参见《宪法》第 161、206、258 和 279 条等）。初审可由共和国国会、最高法院或上诉法院审判庭进行（《初审 法》第 13 和 15 条）。在初审之前，不得对公职人员进行调查或采取预防措施。 主管机关已确认，可在刑事调查之外就财产实施终止所有权和临时措施。 《刑事诉讼法》第 25 条规定了自由裁量起诉原则，但不适用于公职人员实施的 罪行。 根据《刑事诉讼法》第 259 条，可实行防范性羁押，以确保被告出庭受审。 《刑法》第 44 和 80 条对早释和假释作了规定。 《公务员法》第 74 条第 4 款对被监禁公职人员（以及被防范性羁押的公职人 员）的停职作了规定。此外，可对被羁押或正服替代性徒刑的司法官员予以停 职（《司法机构法》第 31 条；《司法机构公务员法》第 59 和 61 条；（《公务员 （司法机构）法总则》第 45 条）。 危地马拉规定可对行政部门（《公务员法》第 60 条）和司法部门（《司法部门 法》第 26 条第(a)项）和《公务员（司法机构）法》第 35 条第(a)项）的公职人 员予以调职。 《刑法》（第 56 至 58 条）规定了绝对和特殊的取消资格手段，《打击清洗黑钱 和其他资产法》（第 7 条）规定了特殊的取消资格手段，适用于大多数但并非全 部腐败罪行（《刑法》第 42 条）。《刑法》第 57 条第 2 款针对从事某职业或活动 需具备授权、执照或资格的情况，规定了特殊的取消资格办法。 刑事和纪律程序相互独立存在。
The Criminal Code establishes sanctions that can be adjusted according to the gravity of the offence; all corruption offences are punishable by several years of imprisonment. Article 28, paragraph 2 of the Criminal Code provides aggravated sanctions for public officials, and article 51.7 of the Criminal Code establishes that the sentences of persons convicted for offences against the public administration and the administration of justice cannot be commuted. Guatemala has established the right to a preliminary trial for a wide range of public officials (see, inter alia, arts. 161, 206, 258 and 279 of the Constitution). The preliminary trial may be conducted by the Congress of the Republic, the Supreme Court of Justice or the Chambers of the Court of Appeal (arts. 13 to 15 of the Preliminary Trials Act). Prior to the preliminary trial, public officials cannot be investigated or subject to precautionary measures. The authorities have confirmed that termination of ownership and interim measures on property may be implemented independently of criminal investigations. Article 25 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CCP) regulates the principle of discretionary prosecution, which does not apply to offences committed by public officials. In accordance with article 259 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, preventive detention may be imposed to ensure the presence of the defendant during the trial. Articles 44 and 80 of the Criminal Code regulate early release and parole. The suspension of imprisoned public officials (also in preventive detention) is regulated in article 74, subsection 4, of the Civil Service Act. Furthermore, the suspension of judicial officials detained or serving alternative sentences is possible (art. 31 of the Judiciary Act; arts. 59 and 61 of the Civil Service Act of the Judiciary; and art. 45 of the General Regulations for the Civil Service (Judiciary) Act). Reassignment is established for public officials of the executive branch (art. 60 of the Civil Service Act) and the judicial branch (art. 26 (a) of the Judicial Service Act, and art. 35 (a) of the Civil Service (Judiciary) Act). The Criminal Code (arts. 56 to 58) provides for absolute and special disqualification, and the Act against the Laundering of Money and Other Assets (art. 7) for special disqualification, which applies to most but not all corruption offences (art. 42 CC). Article 57, subsection 2 of the Criminal Code provides for special disqualification from exercising a profession or activity whose exercise depends upon an authorization, licence or qualification.