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瑞士第31条

录入者:xyq 日期:2016-9-6 15:51:54 人气:7 评论:0

   根据《公约》第三十一条的规定,瑞士刑事法律允许依据总检察长办公室的命令扣押财产和资产或依据法院的裁决没收财产和资产。法官可以下令将要没收的财产更换为由国家提出的同等数额的索赔,可行的话包括没收资产产生的收益。制定的扣押财产管理制度特别规定了在适当情况下由总检察长办公室批准,将扣押资产用于投资的权力。《刑法》的具体条文(第 70 条和 26 条之三)规定,曾参与或支助犯罪组织的人拥有的财产和资产推定由该犯罪织持有,因此予以没收,除非有证据证明不 由该犯罪组织持有。此外,《关于归还政界人士非法获得资产的联邦法》(《归还 非法资产法》)于 2011 年 2 月 1 日生效。在特定条件下,尽管缺乏刑事定罪,该法令允许没收推定属于有关人士的非法获得资产。此外,瑞士法律允许没收属于特定人士的资产,在一些情况下也没有定罪。

        Swiss criminal law permits the seizure, by order of the Office of the AttorneyGeneral, or the confiscation, by court decision, of property and assets, in accordance with the provisions of article 31 of the Convention. The judge may order that property to be confiscated should be replaced by a claim for compensation lodged by the State for an equivalent amount, which would include, where applicable, the yield of the assets to be confiscated. The system set up for the administration of seized property provides, inter alia, for the power to invest the seized assets with, where appropriate, the endorsement of the Office of the Attorney-General. Specific provisions of the Criminal Code (arts. 72 and 260 ter) provide that property and assets belonging to a person who has participated in or supported a criminal organization are presumed, until proved otherwise, to be held by that organization and therefore subject to confiscation. Moreover, the Federal Act on the Restitution of Assets Illicitly obtained by Politically Exposed Persons (“the Restitution of Illicit Assets Act”), in force since 1 February 2011, permits the confiscation, under certain conditions and despite the absence of a criminal conviction, of assets presumed to be illicitly obtained belonging to the persons concerned. Furthermore, under Swiss law, confiscation of assets belonging to a specific person is permitted, also without a conviction, under certain conditions.

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