Section 11 of the Act relating to Freezing, Seizing and Confiscation of Proceeds and Instrumentalities of Criminal Offences, 2014 (Confiscation Act) provides for the confiscation (including value-based) of proceeds and instruments used or destined for use in crime. Sections 3 and 4 of the Confiscation Act provide for the tracing and identification, freezing or seizure of proceeds and instrumentalities. The CIAA can further seize any object, document or file as required (Section 19(8) CIAA Act), and freeze transactions or accounts in investigations into corruption charges (Section 23A CIAA Act). The CIAA does not require a court order to access bank and financial records but can do so administratively. POCA also provides for identification, tracing, freezing and seizing of proceeds and instrumentalities (Sections 28, 30, 31, 39-41 and 48), while provisions relating to money-laundering offences are found in MLPA (Sections 16, 19A). The absence of statistics and case examples on confiscation is noted. The Confiscation Act contains a number of provisions on the administration of frozen, seized or confiscated property. The possibility of confiscating property where the offender has not proven its lawful origin is established for cases of illicit enrichment (Section 20 POCA) and money-laundering (Section 28 MLPA).