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各国文本对照内容

津巴布韦第30条

录入者:xyq 日期:2016-9-4 9:52:36 人气:10 评论:0

   腐败犯罪最高刑罚监禁 20 年、罚款 5,000 美元以下,在津巴布韦可以同时判处。腐败犯罪没有最轻确定刑判决。判刑由法官自由裁量,牵涉公职人员则作为加重处罚情节对待。津巴布韦可能考虑确定腐败犯罪的非自由裁量的最低刑 罚,并审查既定的最高罚款额。 津巴布韦《宪法》第 30 条总统豁免,只适用于现任总统。尽管议员的特权受 《宪法》第 49 节保护,但此类特权已经放弃。 根据《反腐败公约》第三十条第 3 款,总检察长有广泛的裁量权。《刑事诉讼和证据法》第 116-118 节概述保释是每个被告的权利,只有在法院裁定是为了正义,只有在某些引渡案中,才可以加以拒绝。在津巴布韦,总统有权大赦或赦免任何人,通常是囚犯健康不佳期的情况下, 并且总统也可以减轻刑罚。总统通常根据《刑事诉讼和证据法》赦免或减刑。公职人员在受侦查期间或有不当行为嫌疑时,可以被暂时停职,详见 2000 年《公务条例》。根据该条例,任何被定犯了刑事罪的人,永久无资格在公职部门 就业。《行为守则》在津巴布韦适用于公务员。根据《刑事诉讼和证据法》第 336 节,罪犯也可被处刑从事社区服务。为此, 政府最近推出了审前转处分方案,以补充社区服务。再者,还与非政府组织协 调开办了一些重返社会方案。

       The maximum punishment for corruption offences of 20 years imprisonment and fines up to US$ 5,000 can be imposed simultaneously in Zimbabwe. There is no minimum mandatory sentence for corruption offences. Sentencing is subject to judicial discretion, and the involvement of a public official is treated as an aggravating circumstance. Zimbabwe might consider establishing non-discretionary minimum sentences for corruption offences and to review the established maximum fines. Presidential immunity, Article 30 of Zimbabwe’s Constitution, only applies to sitting Presidents. While the privileges of members of Parliament are protected in Section 49 of the Constitution, such privileges have been waived. The Attorney General has a wide range of discretionary powers in accordance with UNCAC article 30, paragraph 3. Sections 116-118 of the Criminal Procedure and Evidence Act outline bail as a right of every accused that can only be denied if the court finds that it is in the interest of justice, as well as in certain extradition cases. In Zimbabwe, the President has powers to grant amnesty or pardon to any person, normally where a prisoner has ill-health, and may also commute sentences. The President does so regularly in accordance with the Criminal Procedure and Evidence Act. Public officials can be suspended when under investigation or suspected of misconduct, including corruption, as outlined in the Public Service Regulations 2000. According to the Regulations, any person convicted of a criminal offence is permanently ineligible for employment in the public service. Codes of Conduct are applicable to public servants in Zimbabwe. According to Section 336 of the Criminal Procedure and Evidence Act, offenders can be sentenced also to community service. To this end, the Government recently launched a pretrial diversion programme to compliment the community service. Furthermore, some reintegration programmes are run in coordination with non-governmental organizations.

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