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瑙鲁第31条

录入者:xyq 日期:2016-9-6 9:40:20 人气:15 评论:0

   《犯罪所得法》和《反洗钱法》对没收作了规定,包括临时措施。根据《犯罪 所得法》第 17 条,法院可以根据司法秘书(根据第 2 条包括检察长)的申请, 对因严重犯罪而被定罪者的污点财产作出没收命令。“严重犯罪”被定义(第 3 条)为包括在瑙鲁境内或境外实施、可判处不少于 12 个月监禁的任何犯罪,也包括洗钱。2008 年《反洗钱法》作了类似的规定。《犯罪所得法》规定的“污点财产”在某些情况下可以推断为实施犯罪所取得 的收益或使用的工具以及具有相应价值的财产(第 17(2)条);但仅限于被认定 为由该人持有或掌控的财产。没有对“拟用于”实施严重犯罪的工具作出规定。 《犯罪所得法》第 50、35 和 36 条规定,某些条件下对财产实行禁止令以防止 处理或处置该财产,并根据搜查令搜查和扣押疑似污点财产。根据《反洗钱 法》第 54 条,法院可作出冻结令以防止处理或处置该财产。《反洗钱法》第六 部分规定了警察查明和追踪污点财产的各种权力:搜查和扣押、编制文件和监督命令的执行。 没有相关的没收、冻结或扣押案例

       POCA and AMLA provide for confiscation, including provisional measures. Under section 17 of POCA, the Court may make a forfeiture order against tainted property in relation of to a person’s conviction of a serious offence on the application of the Secretary for Justice (which includes the DPP under section 2). “Serious offence” is defined (section 3) to include any offence in or outside Nauru that is punishable by imprisonment for not less than 12 months and that includes money-laundering. Similar provisions exist under the Anti-Money Laundering Act 2008. “Tainted property” under POCA may be inferred under certain circumstances to be proceeds from or instrumentalities used in the commission of crime and property of corresponding value (subsection 17(2)); however, it is restricted to property found in the person’s possession or under his control. There is no provision for instrumentalities “destined for use” in the commission of a serious offence. Sections 50, 35 and 36 of POCA provide for restraining orders against property under certain conditions to prevent the dealing or disposal of the property, as well as the search for and seizure of suspected tainted property under a search warrant. Under section 54 of AMLA the court may make a freezing order to prevent the dealing or disposal of the property. Part VI of AMLA provides the police various powers to identify and trace tainted property: search and seizure, production of documents and monitoring orders. There have been no related cases of confiscation, freezing or seizure. The procedure needed to obtain a court-issued warrant for investigating authorities to access government and financial or commercial records has led to delays in practice.

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