提供证言的证人和专家享有免于报复和恫吓的有效法律保护。证人不需要亲临 法庭,而可以通过视频会议出席听审(诉讼程序法第 5 章第 10 节)。警察也可 采取措施以保护证人的身份和下落,例如向其提供新的身份和虚拟的个人数 据。 警务法第 2 节授权警察开展人身安全行动以确保证人和受到威胁的其他人均能 享有免于人身报复的有效法律保护。关于特别人身安全方案的法令(2006:519)还可涵盖身为证人的受害人(“受损 害当事人”)。
Witnesses and experts who give testimony enjoy effective legal protection against retaliation and intimidation. Witnesses do not have to be physically present in the courtroom, but can attend the hearings through videoconference (chapter 5,section 10, CJP). The police can also take measures to protect the identity and whereabouts of witnesses, such as giving them new identities and fictitious personal data.Section 2 of the Police Act authorizes the police to carry out personal security operations to ensure effective legal protection from physical retaliation for witnesses and other persons under threat. The Ordinance (2006:519) on special personal safety programmes may also cover victims (“injured parties”) insofar as they are witnesses.