由联邦政府协调在国家一级开展证人保护。第 9807/1999 号法律规定通过特别安 排计划保护为刑事侦查做出贡献的证人(以及同为证人的受害人)。 第 3518/00 号法令建立了国家受害人和受威胁证人援助系统,此系统归人权秘书 处管理。 第 9807/1999 号法律计划建立一个架构以运行受害人和受威胁证人保护方案。巴 西已采取措施保护腐败案件中的举报人。多项条款都载有保护举报人的内容,如 1992 年 7 月 16 日第 8443 号法律第 55 条以及关于获取信息的第 12527/2011 号法律,而后一项法律规定,当官员依据报告义务举报“违规行为”时,可免于承担刑事、民事和行政责任。国家纪律委员会和联邦监察员股签署的 2014 年 6 月 24 日第 01 CRG/OGU 号规范性裁定制定了匿名投诉接受和处理规则以及举 报人身份保护准则。与此类似,第 8112/1990 号法律第 126-A 条规定如公职人员 向适当的主管机关报告其怀疑另一员工参与非法活动,则不得在任何民事、刑事和行政诉讼中追究其责任。
Witness protection is coordinated by the Federal Government and implemented at State level. Law No. 9807/1999 provides for the protection of witnesses (and victims insofar as they are witnesses) who contribute to criminal investigations through specially organized programmes. The National Victims and Threatened Witnesses’ Assistance System was established by Decree No. 3518/00, and it is managed by the Human Rights Secretariat. The victims and threatened witnesses’ protection programmes operate through a structure envisaged by Law No. 9807/1999. Brazil has measures to protect whistle-blowers in corruption cases. There are several provisions concerning whistle-blowers such as article 55 of Law No. 8443 of 16 July 1992 and Law No. 12527/2011 on Access to Information which protects officials from criminal, civil and administrative liability when they report “irregularities” in accordance with their reporting obligations. Normative Ruling No. 01 CRG/OGU of 24 June 2014 signed by the National Disciplinary Board and the Federal Ombudsman Unit, establishes rules for the reception and handling of anonymous complaints and also establishes the guidelines for whistle-blower’s identity protection. Similarly, Article 126-A of Law 8112/1990 States that no public official can be held responsible, in any civil, criminal or administrative proceeding, when he/she reported to the proper authority his/her suspicion that another employee is engaged in unlawful activity.